Geology and Earth Science Basics Quiz

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Geology and Earth Science Basics Quiz

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Question 1
Which process describes how sediment is transformed into sedimentary rock?

(A) Melting to form igneous rock

(B) Lithification through compaction and cementation

(D) Metamorphism under high pressure and temperature

Question 2
What is the primary cause of an earthquake?

(A) Gradual movement of tectonic plates over millennia

(B) Shifts in the Earth's magnetic field

(D) Erosion of mountain ranges over time

Question 3
Which type of volcano is characterized by gentle slopes and relatively non-explosive eruptions?

(A) Geyser

(B) Stratovolcano

(D) Shield volcano

Question 4
Faulting in the Earth's crust can lead to the formation of which of the following geological features?

(A) Fold mountain

(B) Volcanic island

(D) Fault block mountain

Question 5
How do subduction zones contribute to volcanic activity?

(A) Tectonic plates move apart, allowing magma to rise through gaps

(B) Oceanic crust is forced beneath continental crust, melting to form magma

(D) Continental crust floats over oceanic crust, which creates volcanic islands

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