Exploring Cosmology: The Universe, Galaxies, and Dark Matter

Question 1
Which phenomenon is primarily responsible for the universe's accelerated expansion?

(A) Dark matter

(B) Cosmic inflation

(C) Gravity

(D) Dark energy

Question 2
What is the term for the invisible, non-luminous material that significantly influences the structure of galaxies?

(A) Dark matter

(B) Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND)

(C) Stellar remnants

(D) Interstellar dust

Question 3
Which observation provided strong evidence in support of the Big Bang theory?

(A) Supernova light curves

(B) Planetary nebulae

(C) Redshift of distant galaxies

(D) Cosmic microwave background radiation

Question 4
How is the large-scale mapping of galaxies and galaxy clusters commonly described?

(A) Star distribution

(B) Galactic blueprint

(C) Cosmic web

(D) Galaxy filament

Question 5
What is the role of dark matter in the process of galaxy formation?

(A) It acts to initiate nuclear fusion within stars

(B) It generates heat that forms stars

(C) It counteracts gravitational forces to prevent galaxy formation

(D) It provides gravitational scaffolding for galaxies

Question 6
Which phenomenon explains why more distant galaxies appear to recede faster than nearby galaxies?

(A) The Doppler effect

(B) Rotational motion

(C) The expansion of space

(D) Gravitational attraction

Question 7
What is the significance of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) in cosmology?

(A) It is the light from the first stars

(B) It is relic radiation from the early universe supporting the Big Bang theory

(C) It is a result of black hole evaporation

(D) It is caused by the collision of galaxies

Question 8
Which structure is recognized as the largest gravitationally bound system in the universe?

(A) Nebulae

(B) Galaxy clusters

(C) Superclusters

(D) Solar systems

Question 9
Which observational method is most useful for detecting dark matter within galaxies?

(A) Studying galaxy rotation curves

(B) Measuring cosmic microwave background fluctuations

(C) Gravitational lensing

(D) Observing stellar luminosity

Question 10
How do simulations of large-scale structure formation enhance our understanding of the universe?

(A) They mainly illustrate the formation of planetary systems

(B) They simulate quantum processes in black holes

(C) They predict the exact positions of individual stars

(D) They model the evolution of cosmic structures and dark matter distribution

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